01124125 SECRET 2449354 01-01-1994 2449718 12-31-1994

UNITED STATES AIR FORCES IN EUROPE

HISTORY K570.01 V.1 VOL I OF XLIX 48361 6 1289 51 2451550 01-06-2000 PRESIDENT WILLIAM CLINTON PLEDGED TO KEEP 100,000 AMERICAN TROOPS IN EUROPE. MEMBERS OF THE 36 SECURITY POLICE AND 36 CIVIL ENGINEER SQUADRONS, BITBURG AIR BASE, AND 606 AIR CONTROL SQUADRON SPANDGAHLEM AIR BASE PROVIDED DISASTER ASSISTANCE TO LOCAL GERMAN COMMUNITIES DURING RECENT FLOODING. 20 FIGHTER WING TRANSFERRED FROM ROYAL AIR FORCE UPPER HEYFORD, UNITED KINGDON (UK) TO SHAW AIR FORCE BASE SC. 620 AIR BASE WING (ABW) REPLACED 20 FIGHTER WING (FW). 603 AIR CONTROL SQUADRON OFFICIALLY MOVED FROM SEMBACH AIR BASE GERMANY TO AVIANO AIR BASE ITALY AND WAS ASSIGNED TO 401 FW. 38 AIRLIFT SQUADRON (PROVISIONAL), COMMONLY CALLED DELTA SQUADRON, RHEIN MAIN AIR BASE GERMANY, TO CONTROL AIR RESERVE COMPONENET (ARC) ASSETS SUPPORTING PROVIDE PROMISE AIRDROP MISSIONS OVER BOSNIA. NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION (NATO) ENDORSED THE PARTNERSHIP FOR PEACE PROGRAM WHICH OFFERED NON-NATO COUNTRIES SECURITY CO-OPERATION BUT NOT NATO MEMBERSHIP. THE UNITED STATES DOUBLED ITS PROVIDE PROMISE AIRDROP EFFORT BOSNIA. BRITISH LT GEN SIR MICHAEL ROSE ASSUMED COMMAND OF UNITED NATIONS (UN) FORCES IN BOSNIA, REPLACING LT GEN FRANCIS BRIQUENOMT OF BELGIUM. HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCES IN EUROPE (HQ USAFE) INACTIVATED THE 717 AIR BASE SQUADRON 30 JAN. GEN GEORGE A. JOULWAN, COMMANDER IN CHIEF UNITED STATES EUROPEAN COMMAND (USEUCOM) DIRECTED THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANS (POISED EAGLE) FOR NONBOMBATANT EVACUATION OPERATIONS (NEO) IN ALGERIA. HQ USAFE DUAL-HATTED LT GEN JOSEPH W. ASHY AS COMMANDER OF 16 AIR FORCE AND ALLIED AIR FORCE SOUTHERN EUROPE (COMAIRSOUTH). THE TITLE DEPUTY USAFE COMMANDER IN CHIEF ABOLISHED. FRENCH LT GEN BERTRAND DE. LAPRESLE REPLACE LT GEN JEAN COT AS COMMANDER OF ALL UN FORCES IN THE FORMER REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA. 68 KILLED AND 200 WOUNDED AS A RESULT OF MORTAR ATTACK ON SARAJEVO'S CENTRAL MARKET 5 FEB. 53 FIGHTER SQUADRON (FS) MOVED FROM BITBURG AIR BASE TO SPANGDAHLEM AIR BASE GERMANY 15 FEB. LAST F-4G WILE WEASELS AIRCRAFT IN EUROPE LEFT SPANGDAHLEM AIR BASE FOR NELLIS AIR FORCE BASE NV 18 FEB. 53 FS WAS REASSIGNED FROM THE 36 FIGHTER WING (FW) TO THE 52 FW 25 FEB. 81 FS REPLACED THE 510 FS AT SPANGDAHLEM AND ASSUMED THE 510 A/OA-10 CLOSE AIR SUPPORT MISSION. 510 FS INACTIVATED 25 FEB. IN THE FIRST COMBAT ENGAGEMENT UNDERTAKEN BY NATO AIRCRAFT, TWO AMERICAN F-16 AIRCRAFT ENGAGED AND SHOT DOWN FOUR KRAJINA-SERB GALEBS AFTER SIX OF THE AIRCRAFT CROSSED THE CROAT-BOSNIAN BORDER AND ATTACKED POSITIONS IN CENTRAL BOSNIA, VIOLATING THE BOSNIAN NO-FLY ZONE. 28 FEB MARKED FIRST ANNIVERSARY OF JOINT TASK FORCE (JTF) PROVIDE PROMISE, WHICH OVERSAW AIRLAND MISSIONS TO SARAJEVO, UNITED STATES AIRDROP MISSIONS OVER BOSNIA, AND THE UNITED STATES FIELD HOSPITAL IN ZAGREB, CROATIA. HQ UNITED STATES AIR FORCE (USAF) REDESIGNATED CIVIL ENGINEERING UNITS AS CIVIL ENGINEER UNITS 1 MAR. CONTINGENCY HOSPITAL AT ROYAL AIR FORCES (RAF) BICESTER, UK RETURNED TO MINISTRY OF DEFENCE 31 MAR. 22 FIGHTER SQUADRON MOVED FROM BITBURG AIR BASE TO SPANDAHLEM AIR BASE AND REASSIGNED FROM 36 FIGHTER WING TO 52 FIGHER WING 1 PAR. 22 FS ASSUMED F-16 AIRCRAFT MISSION OF 480 FS WHICH INACTIVATED 1 APR. 401 FIGHTER WING, AVIANO AB ITALY INACTIVATED AND WAS REPLACED BY 31 FW. 555 FIGHTER SQUADRON (TRIPLE NICKLE), AVIANO AB ITALY ACTIVATED AND ASIGNED TO 31 FW. 603 AIR CONTROL SQUADRON AVIANO AB ITALY REASSIGNED FROM 86 OPERATIONS GROUP (OG) TO 31 OG. A PLANE CARRYING THE PRESIDENTS OF BURUNDI AND RWANDA WAS SHOT DOWN, EXACERBATING ETHINIC TENSION, DESTABILIZING BOTH GOVERNMENTS, LAUNCHING A NON-COMBATANT EVACUATION OPERATION (DISTANT RUNNER) AND PRECIPITATING A MASSIVE HUMANITARIAN RELIEF OPERATION (SUPPORT HOPE) 6 APR. UNITED STATES CITIZENS BEGAN EVACUATING RWANDA. ADMIRAL (ADM) LEIGHTON W. SMITH REPLACED ADM JEREMY M. BOORDA AS COMMANDER IN CHIEF ALLIED FORCES SOUTHERN EUROPE AND COMMANDER OF JTF PROVIDE PROMISE. ADM BOORDA ASSUMED DUTIES AS CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS. TWO F-16C AIRCRAFT ATTACKED BOSNIAN SERB COMMAND POST DROPPING THREE MK-82 500-POUND BOMBS. OPERATION DISTANT RUNNER ENDED 10 APR. TWO UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS F/A-18 HRONETS ASSIGNED TO THE 251 FIXED-WING MARINE FIGHTER ATTACK SQUADRON STRUCK BOSNIAN SERB POSITIONS NEAR GORAZDE, DESTROYING A TANK, THREE ARMORED PERSONNEL CARRIERS AND A TRUCK. TWO F-15CS FROM THE 53 FIGHTER SQUADRON, SPANDAHLEM AB GERMANY, PILOTED BY LT COL RNADY W. MAY AND CAPT ERIC E. WICKSON, SHOT DOWN TWO UNITED STATES ARMY UH-60 BLACK HAWK HELICOPTERS OVER NORTHERN IRAQ KILLING ALL 26. BRITISH SEA HARRIER FLYING RECONNAISSANCE MISSIONS NEAR GORAZDE WAS DOWNED BY A SERBIAN SA-7. JOINT MEDICAL TASK FORCE TREATED 5,000 PATIENTS AND DONATED A HALF MILLION DOLLARS OF MEDICAL SUPPLIES TO GHANAIAN MILITARY AND CIVILIAN HOSPITALS. USAFE OFFICIALLY TURNED OVER THE MAJORITY OF ANKARA AIR STATION TO THE TURKS 30 APR. 719 RED HORSE FLIGHT BEAN ITS MOVE FROM AVIANO AIR BASE ITALY TO LIVORNO DEPOT AT CAMP DARBY ITALY 2 MAY. FIVE C- 141 STARLIFTERS FROM 435 AIRLIFT WING, CHARLESTON AIR FORCE BASE (AFB) SC ARRIVED AT RHEIN MAIN AB TO SUPPORT THE SARAJEVO AIRLIFT. PRESIDENT CLINTON ISSUED PRESIDENTIAL DECISION DIRECTIVE 25 RESTRICTING UNITED STATES MILITARY INVOLVEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL PEACEKEEPING AND PEACE ENFORCEMENT OPERATIONS 3 MAY. AMERICAN C- 141S REPLACED C-130S FLYING PROVIDE PROMISE AIRLAND MISSIONS TO SARAJEVO. MAJ GEN JAMES ANDRUS, THIRD AIR FORCE COMMANDER, COMPLETED HIS INVESTIGATION OF 14 APR BLACK HAWK SHOOTDOWN. GEN JOULWAN RELIEVED BRIG GEN JEFFREY S. PILKINGTON OF COMMAND OF CTF PROVIDE COMFORT, BRIG GEN ROGER E. CARLETON ASSUMED COMMAND. 37 AIRLIFT SQUADRON BEGAN TRANSFERRING ITS C-130S FROM RHEIN MAIN TO RAMSTEIN GERMANY. HQ USAFE DESIGNATED SEVERAL NUMBERED FIELD OPERATING AGENCIES AS NAMED ORGANIZATIONS: 2 AIR POSTAL SQUADRON BECAME USAFE AIR POSTAL SQUADRON, 641 USAF SPECIAL ACTIVITIES SQUADRON BECAME USAFE JOINT SUPPORT SQUADRON, AND 1856 COMPUTER SYSTEMS SQUADRON BECAME USAFE COMPUTER SYSTEMS SQUADRON. 86 AND 786 COMMUNICATIONS SQUADRONS ACTIVATED UNDER 86 COMMUNICATIONS GROUP. 32 FIGHTER GROUP REDESIGNATED AS 32 AIR OPERATIONS GROUP. 632 AIR BASE SQUADRON ACTIVATED AT SOESTERBERG GERMANY TO REPLACE 32 FIGHTER GROUP. 32 FIGHTER SQUADRON REDESIGNATED AS 32 AIR OPERATIONS SQUADRON AND ASSIGNED TO 32 AIR OPERATIONS GROUP. 32 AIR INTELLIGENCE SQUADRON AT RAMSTEIN ACTIVATED AND ASSIGNED TO 32 AIR OPERATIONS GROUP. USAFE AIR OPERATIONS SQUADRON ACTIVATED AT RAMSTEIN. 426 AIR BASE FLIGHT ACTIVATED TO PROVIDE BASE SUPPORT ACTIVITIES TO THE UNITED STATES COMMUNITY AT THE NATO HEADQUARTERS, SOLA AIR BASE NORWAY. 510 FIGHTER SQUADRON REACTIVATED AT AVIANO ITALY. 526 FIGHTER SQUADRON INACTIVATED AT RAMSTEIN GERMANY. 100, 401, AND 601 REGIONAL SUPPORT GROUPS INACTIVATED AT ROYAL AIR FORCE (RAF) MILDENHALL, AVIANO, AND SEMBACH AND REPLACED WITH 603, 616, AND 617 REGIONAL SUPPORT GROUPS. 4 AIR SUPPORT OPERATIONS GROUP AT FRANKFURT, GERMANY REPLACED WITH 617 AIR SUPPORT GROUP AT CAMPBELL BARRACKS, HEIDELBERG AND MOVED TO SULLIVAN BARRACKS IN MANNHEIM. 7 WEATHER SQUADRON INACTIBATED IN HEIDELBERG, REPLACED BY 617 WEATHER SQUADRON ALIGNED UNDER 617 AIR SUPPORT OPERATIONS GROUP. 603, 617, AND 717 USAF CONTINGENCY HOSPITALS REPLACED 310, 610, AND 653 CONTINGENCY HOSPITALS AT RAF NOCTON HALL, UK; HOLSTEBRO, DENMARK; AND WEISBADEN, GERMANY. 645 USAF CONTINGENCY HOSPITAL IN ISRAEL REPLACED WITH 616 USAF CONTINGENCY HOSPITAL. JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF (JCS) ORDERED EMERGENCY AIRLIFT OF RICE, COOKING OIL, AND MEDICAL SUPPLIES TO NAIROBI TO HELP RWANDAN REFUGEES. AIRLAND MISSIONS TO SARAJEVO TERMINATED AFTER TWO UNITED STATES C-141B STARLIFTER AIRCRAFT WERE DAMAGED BY MACHINE GUN FIRE. THE GERMAN PARLIAMENT APPROVED LEGISLATION TO ALLOW GERMAN SHIPS ENFORCING OPERATION SHARP GUARD TO CHALLENGE OR BOARD SHIPS SUSPECTED OF VIOLATING THE EMBARGO AGAINST THE FORMER REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA. PRESIDENT CLINTON ANNOUNCED UNITED STATES INTERVENTION IN THE RWANDAN CRISIS. THREE MC-130H COMBAT TALON II AIRCRAFT FROM THE 352 SPECIAL OPERATIONS GROUP, RAF ALCONBURY, UK CONDUCTED A CONTROVERSIAL AIRDROP OF HUMANITARIAN RELIEF SUPPLIES NEAR GOMA, ZAIRE, DURING OPERATION SUPPORT HOPE. USAFE'S COMMANDING OFFICER CHANGED FROM COMMANDER IN CHIEF TO COMMANDER. TWO AMERICAN A-10 AIRCRAFT DESTROYED AN ANTI-TANK WEAPON AFTER BOSNIAN SERBS SEIZED HEAVY WEAPONS FROM AN UNPROFOR-GUARDED COMPOUND AT ILIDSZ, NEAR SARAJEVO. 775 AIR BASE GROUP AT SAN VITO AIR BASE ITALY REPLACE WITH 775 AIR BASE SQUADRON (PROVISIONAL) 15 AUG. 620 AIR BASE WING AT RAF UPPER HEYFORD UK INACTIVATED 30 SEP. 724 AIR BASE SQUADRON INACTIBATED AT OSLO. 7454 TACTICAL INTELLIGENCE SQUADRON, BOERFINK, GERMANY INACTIVATED. 7455 TACTICAL INTELLIGENCE WING, RAMSTEIN AB, INACTIVATED. 632 AIR BASE SQUADRON, SOESTERBERG AB, THE NETHERLANDS, INACTIVATED. 36 FIGHTER WING, BITBURG AB, GERMANY INACTIVATED. 512 FIGHTER SQUADRON, RAMSTEIN AB, INACTIVATED. 86 WING, RAMSTEIN, REDESIGNATED AS 86 AIRLIFT WING 1 OCT. 37 AIRLIFT SQUADRON MOVED TO RAMSTEIN AND ASSIGNED TO 86 OPERATIONS GROUP. 600 AIR BASE GROUP, TORREJON AB SPAIN, INACTIVATED. 7276 AIR BASE GROUP, IRAKLION AIR STATION, GREECE, INACTIVATED. IRAQI REPUBLICAN GUARD UNTIS BEGAN MOVING SOUTH TOWARD THE KUWAIT BORDER, 6 OCT. UNITE STATES BEGAN DEPLOYING FORCES TO THE PERSIAN GULF IN RESPONSE TO THE IRAQI MOVEMENTS 7 OCT. SERBIAN PLANE FLYING FROM UDBINA, CROATIA, FIRED TWO MISSILES INTO DOWNTOWN BIHAC, WOUNDING 14 PEOPLE. NATO'S FAILURE TO RESPOND PROVOKED ANOTHER ATTACK NINE DAYS LATER. BOSNIAN SERB ASSEMBLY FORMALLY DECLARED WAR AGAINST THE MUSLIM-LED BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT, 11 NOV. UNITED STATES CEASED ENFORCING THE MARITIME EMBARGO OF BOSNIA; CONGRESS BANNED FUNDING THE EMBARGO IF THE BOSNIAN SERBS REJECTED A PEACE AGREEMENT 12 NOV. UDBINA-BASED AIRCRAFT ATTACKED POSITIONS IN BOSNIA. UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL AUTHORIZED NATO TO STRIKE SERBIAN FORCES IN CROATIA 19 NOV. NATO AIRCRAFT ATTACKED UDBINA AIRFIELD IN CROATIA, RETALIATING FOR SERBIAN BOMBING OF BIHAC, MAKING IT THE LARGEST AIR OPERATION IN THE ALLIANCE'S HISTORY. BOSNIAN SERBS DETAINED UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPERS TO WARD OFF NATO ATTACKS. MAJ GEN HAL M. HORNBURG ASSUMED DUTIES AS JOINT AIR FORCES AIR COMPONENT COMMANDER FOR PROVIDE PROMISE AND DIRECTOR OF THE COMBINED AIR OPERATIONS CENTER (CAOC) FOR DENYT FLIGHT REPLACING LT GEN JAMES E. CHAMBERS 30 NOV. NATO AIRCRAFT STOPPED FLYING OVER BOSNIA FOLLOWING UNSUCCESSFUL ATTEMPTS TO WIN THE RELEASE OF UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPER HOSTAGES 3 DEC. BOSNIAN SERBS RELEASED UNITED NATIONS DETAINEES 11 DEC. FORMER UNITED STATES PRESIDENT JIMMY CARTER BROKERED A FOUR-MONTH NATION-WIDE CEASE-FIRE IN BOSNIA 23 DEC. THE PENTAGON ANNOUNCED THE CLOSURE OR REDUCTION OF 871 OF 1402 AMERICAN FACILITIES IN EUROPE. EXERCISES, OPERATIONS, AND MISSIONS PARTICIPATED IN INCLUDED TRAILBLAZER 94, COOPERATIVE BRIDGE, PARTNERSHIP FOR PEACE, SUPPORT HOPE C-130 EMPLOYMENT, OPERATION VIGILANT WARRIOR, ATLANTIC RESOLVE, DENY FLIGHT, RED HORSE, AND AFRICAN EAGLE 94. GENERAL JAMES L. JAMERSON, COMMANDER, ALLIED AIR FORCES CENTRAL EUROPE (AAFCE) AND UNITED STATES AIR FORCES IN EUROPE (USAFE). FOUO FRD NOCONTRACT NOFORN WNINTEL INCLUDES STATISTICAL CHARTS AND TABLES ILLUSTRATING PERSONNEL, USAFE CONTINGENCY HOSPITALS, AIRCRAFT IN THE THEATER 1990-1995, USAFE FLYING UNITS, AVERAGE SORTIE DURATION USAFE FIGHTER AIRCRAFT, USAFE CONTINGENCY COSTS, AMERICANS IN SELECTED AFRICAN COUNTRIES, CTF PROVIDE COMFORT SORTIES FLOWN, AIRCRAFT AND PERSONNEL ASSIGNED. MAPS DEPICT UNITED STATES EUROPEAN COMMAND AREA OF RESPONSIBILITY, HUMANITARIAN PROTECTION ZONES IN RWANDA, SARAJEVO WEAPONS EXCLUSION ZONE, GORAZDE WEAPONS EXCLUSION ZONE, DENY FLIGHT AIRCRAFT BASING, GORAZDE FREE-FIRE ZONE, TASK FORCE ABLE SENTRY OPERATING AREA, AND NORTHERN IRAQ. INCLUDES KEY PERSONNEL BIOGRAPHIES OF GENERAL ROBERT C. OAKS, GEN JAMES L. HAMERSON, LT GEN JOHN G. LORBER, LT GEN EVERETT H. PRATT, JR., LT GEN JOSEPH W. ASHY, MAJ GEN ROBERT S. DELLIGATTI, CMSGT ROBERT W. BAILEY, AND CMSGT ERIC W. BENKEN. DOCUMENT CONTAINS NATO SECRET INFORMATION.